
»Evacuate
Human Rights Defenders
From Libya!«
MOBILE EXHIBITION
Mobile exhibition
by: Refugees in Libya & the Alliance with Refugees in Libya
The mobile Exhibition wants to highlight and give extensive recognition to the constant organization, protests and collective resistance of the Human Rights Defenders in Libya. It is part of the Human Rights Defender Evacuation Campaign which tries to evacuate Human Rights Defenders
from Libya to diverse European cities. Together they move to different European cities to gather evacuation possibilities and make the stories of the Human Rights Defenders visible.
Note: Most of the human rights defenders in this exposition are men. Refugee women also stand up and defend their rights. However, they face specific, gendered risks that inhibit them from speaking out in public. Also, the vulnerability criteria used by UNHCR mean that they are more likely to get some form of protection.
Slide me left ↓

3 Voices →
in conversation with: the human rights defenders Murad, Iskander, Zaza* Period: Dez23 - Jan24 edited by: Jana, Sophia, Marc, Yambio, Maral

150 Writings →
Contributions from 150 Human Rights Defenders* Period: Oct23 - Jan24 compiled by David Yambio *For reasons of security and personal rights, we have censored names, telephone numbers, and UNHCR registration numbers.
The movement Refugees in Libya formed itself on 1st of october, 2021, during the protests in front of the UNHCR headquarter in Tripoli, Libya; after EU-supported militias known as the DCIM raided the homes of tens of thousands of refugees and asylum seekers in Gargaresh neighbourhood. At its core, Refugees in Libya is a self-organised group of refugees and asylum-seekers from more than 11 nationalities who demand the end of abuses and their right to safety and freedom. Refugees in Libya organised committees, negotiated with the UNHCR and other authorities and demonstrated for 100 days, until the protests were brutally dismantled and thousands of people brought to detention camps like Ain Zara. What is Refugees in Libya doing? Ever Since, Refugees in Libya kept documenting abuses, doing human rights work, making the situation visible on different levels, doing advocacy at the EU-level, speaking at the European Parliament, the European Commission, speaking to European politicians, and non-governmental international organisations. Activists from Refugees in Libya are still mostly in Libya, but a number of them managed to escape and reach safety to Europe, from where they keep fighting for their comrades. Networking, speaking at events, organising campaigns, supporting people on the move, organising fundraisers, running a 24/7 support hotline and many more. The movement Refugees in Libya managed to bring together Libyan and European civil societies, solidifying translocally and internationally. Even though the movement started in Libya, Refugees in Libya is now a network operating in many other places like Tunisia, Sudan, Niger, Rwanda and Europe. How can you join? If you are a refugee, asylum seeker or migrant in Libya, Tunisia or other north African countries, or if you passed through there during your journey, we invite you to join the movement and speak your truth. You can give testimony of your story, engage with fellow comrades and fight for your dignity and rights from Libya or from anywhere you are based. Depending on your security situation, you can either keep a low profile and keep your activism anonymous or speak out publicly to demand your rights and those of your comrades. Your voice counts, let’s make it heard! Reach out! info@refugeesinlibya.org
The Alliance with Refugees in Libya is a translocal network of activists founded in August, 2023, in order to amplify the voices from Refugees in Libya and support the struggle from Europe. The networks of the Alliance and of Refugees in Libya are working closely together. What is the Alliance doing? Advocacy, organising campaigns like the Human Rights Defender Evacuation Campaign, start a collective support hotline for people on the move in Libya, document abuses, apply for funds, organise events, contact journalists, and many more. How can you join? Inside the alliance, you can help with advocacy, documentation, joining the collective hotline, organising events and many more things. You can either fully join the alliance fully or choose to support occasionally, depending on your availability. Any support will be very much appreciated! Reach out! alliancewithrefugeesinlibya@gmail.com
In January 2024 a new campaign was presented for the first time in a common press conference in Bologna with the support of the city mayor Matteo Lepore. During a two days event the key-demand of the campaign was outlined and re-discussed together in several workshops with various human rights organizations: the immediate evacuation through legal and safe channels to Europe of the 221 Human Right Defenders, who were punished for their courage to advocate for the human rights of all the people on the move. The basic concepts and challenges of this transnational campaign are: • The overarching topic of the campaign has to acknowledge the resistance and protest activities of Refugees in Libya as human rights activity, and thus recognize them as legitimate Human Rights Defenders; • A broad alliance with at least ten supporting municipalities in various European countries will be built within the next months to promote and to amplify together the campaign with the aim to carry out and to assert concrete evacuations; • Each of these ten or more involved solidarity cities should be willing to welcome and to host 20 to 30 human rights defenders from Libya; • The demand for 221 evacuations is NOT an overwhelming number of people rather a feasible aim in order to open (more) small effective windows for safe passages; The campaign started in Italy and beside Bologna first contacts and informal negotiations took place in Rome and in Sicily. In Germany, institutional actors will be approached for discussions in the cities of Lübeck, Frankfurt/Main and maybe Munich. In Spain the campaign is in contact with actors of the city of Barcelona. Further ideas for initiatives are discussed in France, Belgium and the Netherlands. Within the next months, the communication concerning the campaign will be intensified with institutional and civil society actors in the various regions based on this document. Interim reports will be collected and shared to all involved parties. Contact: info@refugeesinlibya.org alliancewithrefugeesinlibya@gmail.com
“We did something great, something really big because we shouted and shared our voices and different stories every single day. That’s something that really impresses me.” - Iskander How to resist under life-threatening conditions in Libya? How to organize? What empowers you? How can change happen? What is your message to the international community? Murad, Iskander and Zaza tell about hunger strikes, poisoning, loyalty, hidden documentation, mutual support and their current situation in Libya. They are united by their collective struggle for protection and freedom, but also by the severe reprisals they face for their human rights activism, which also seems to exclude them from current evacuation processes. The stories shown in the exhibition focus on the 100 days of protests in Tripoli, the eviction of the protests, the 18 months of imprisonment and forced labor in Ain Zara, the release of Ain Zara and the repression and responses to it. What happened before? In October, 2021, EU-supported militias attacked the homes of tens of thousands of refugees and asylum seekers in Gargaresh neighbourhood. Days later, more than 300 those who just lost their homes gathered in front of the UNHCR headquater in Tripoli to demand their rights. The movement “Refugees in Libya” was born. They organized a committee, sit-ins, meetings with authorities and journalists and organised mutual support. After 100 days of resistance, the protests were violently dispersed and Libyan militias imprisoned, tortured and enslaved the organizers. Current situation: Currently, Murad, Iskander and Zaza are still in Libya. Together with other comrades, Zaza is still visiting people in the camp in front of the UNHCR, to understand their stories, document their situations, and amplify their voices. They organize a seminar for teaching human rights. We work on an application for funds for this together and hope there will be soon evacuation possibilities.
The hotline was an idea that was born out of the necessity to provide solidarity, security and advocacy for those who were stranded across Libya. But today, after three years, this has become a lifeline to the thousands of people in the north african region. Stories are told, information is disseminated, and radical solidarity is carried out. These 150 stories are just an extract of stories that reach out to the hotline every day, since 2021. Behind every story is a person, a face, a daughter, a dream, a homeland, a person longing for security, safety and wellbeing. “Working on these stories brought me closer to these people, but left me questioning our moral duty towards one another in our society as well as the state›s legal obligation towards the person in need. My aim to bring you these stories is in the spirit that you take part and is an invitation to awaken our consciousness to what is happening beyond borders.” - David Yambio
On Libya Following the overthrow of Muammar Gaddafi’s regime in 2011, Libya has struggled to establish a unified government, leading to a power vacuum that has resulted in intermittent civil war, widespread violence and grave human rights abuses. Amidst this turmoil, Libya has also become a significant transit point for migrants and refugees escaping war, repression and poverty. Refugees and migrants in Libya face systematic arbitrary detention, sexual violence, torture and slavery, which could amount to crimes against humanity according to the UN. The refusal by European states to open legal and safe routes for refugees has left tenths of thousands of them trapped in Libya. Despite the widely documented abuses, the European Union and some of its member states have been supporting Libyan militias to prevent refugees from crossing the Mediterranean into Europe. Between 2018 and 2022, the EU has trained, coordinated and financially supported these militias with 71 million euros. First years: Sudan The conflict in Darfur, Sudan, stems from long-standing tensions over land, resources, and power between ethnic groups, primarily the Arab-dominated government and non-Arab rebel groups. It resulted in widespread human rights violations, including mass killings, displacement, sexual violence, and destruction of villages. The conflict has been characterized by ethnic cleansing and created millions of refugees and internally displaced people. The new civil war erupted in 2023 has exacerbated the situation for civilians in Sudan even further. Entering Libya Migration to Libya has been characterized by diverse flows, including economic migrants, asylum seekers, and refugees, seeking opportunities, safety, or transit to Europe. Libya›s geographical location makes it a key transit country for migrants from Sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and beyond. However, the journey to and through Libya is perilous, marked by human trafficking, exploitation, and abuse at the hands of smugglers and armed groups. The country›s political instability and lack of effective governance exacerbate these dangers even further. Gargaresh The Gargaresh neighborhood in Tripoli serves as a microcosm of the complex challenges faced by migrants and refugees in the country. The conditions are often dire, with many of them living in overcrowded and makeshift accommodations, lacking access to basic services such as healthcare, education, and sanitation. Additionally, migrants and refugees in Gargaresh face discrimination, exploitation, and harassment from both locals and authorities. Protests The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in Libya is tasked with protecting and assisting refugees, asylum seekers, and internally displaced persons (IDPs) in the country, given the slack of support from Libyan authorities. However, their mandate remains largely unfulfilled, leaving many refugees in precarious and vulnerable situations, with little access to essential services and protection and without being transparent to the refugees they are supposed to help. This, combined with allegations of racism among UNHCR staff and their collaboration with murderous Libyan militias, made them the target of many refugee protests. Ain Zara The Ain Zara prison is a detention center for refugees managed by a militia linked to the Department for Combating Illegal Immigration (DCIM), one of the Libyan groups supported by EU funds. Ain Zara is infamous for its overcrowded and unsanitary conditions and for the torture and forced labor of their inmates.

What Now? ⤶
Zaza, Murad and Iskander and dozens of their comrades are still in Tripoli, keeping a low profile to avoid being captured again. The refusal of European states to grant any humanitarian visas is keeping them stranded in Libya, where they are clearly not safe. To counter this, Refugees in Libya has recently launched a campaign to recognize their role as human rights defenders and to evacuate them to safe cities in Europe. You can learn more about our campaign here: As Europeans we have a moral responsibility for the abuses funded with our taxes in Libya. If we want to see positive change in the world, those who are brave enough to defend human rights should be praised and protected, not tortured and imprisoned. The federal government could provide visas to allow these defenders to find shelter in Germany, whereas municipal authorities could support them in their integration process. Please, write to your mayor and ask him*/her to support the evacuation of human rights defenders from Libya! There are many things you can do. Take some postcards and take action!

Zaza
They wanted to silence us. But we said ›no‹. I remember the speech of Martin Luther King that says: »our life starts ending, when we become silent about what‘s important.« It [protests, community building, hunger-strike] is something that is different, I have never seen in my life. So even in 2003, there was a war in Sudan and we left. But things that I have seen here in Libya from CDC camp until Ain Zara, I have never seen it at all in my life. It’s my first time but I had experienced it and they are really, really catastrophic, too. What leads me to continue fighting and defending for my rights? So me as a skilled person, I’m sorry for describing myself as skilled, but as I speak different languages, I have to play my role for my people or for my colleagues or for my family who have been together since CDC camp until Ain Zara. I have to participate or I have to use all my skills and pass my message to the world, for example. There are many people who have some skills and they want to pass their messages to the world, but the problem of language stops them. But the fact that I speak four different languages - I have to play my role in order to pass a message. So I have to defend my right and the rights of my friends. If we don’t do this, no one is going to do it for us. That’s why I’m still doing it. Despite there are some dangers, but I believe that nothing will come to me if god says ›no‹. So that’s why I am still continuing. It’s a duty for my comrades. So I have to do it. No matter what I face, I will never give up, I will continue until the better days will come one day.
ISKANDER
I started from my own country. I did not come to stay in Libya, I came to pass. […] I never thought I would see what I had seen in Libya: It was after I have arrived in Libya, I found out that Libya is worse than my country, that I left behind. The thing that really impressed me was when I saw other human beings, especially kids and women. There were also some pregnant women who were suffering a lot. When I saw them, many questions came to my mind: “Why, just as we are human beings, are we suffering like this and other people out there enjoying their lives?” That is something that was just coming inside my mind. And why other people, I mean the international community, were silent on what was going on for us human beings because we did something great and we have done something really bigger, because every single day, we were shouting, sharing our voices, our different stories. That is something that really impressed me. And the same way that Yambio is representing, I wish one day I will be doing the same. Because one thing that I have seen in my eyes taught me something more and makes me feel more. The thing is, you know, I pray very much for a miracle that will happen to my life to get me out of this hell. And by the time when I get to a save country, I really want to join those who fight for the human rights, because I have seen enough myself. I try to add somebody who knows people who are always experiencing the pain, I really need to be a very active person to help people who are in need, like me now. And on the other hand, I want to study and finish my education. This is the first thing that I should start doing when I get out of this hell. I want to study to be a doctor. This is what I love to be. Because I have seen many ill people, when the war happened in Sudan, there were a lot of ill people. But there were no doctors to help. And you can see people are dying in front of you, because of the lack of medical assistance, lack of doctors, that thing just got me hope to try to be a doctor somehow to help people in need. And I know that a lot of people are in need in my own country, in my small village, right now. People need more help. These are the first things, to finish my education to be a doctor and another one, try to add some value for people who are suffering, try to help, try to amplify their voices.
MURAD
I am Murad, a refugee from Sudan. […] I went [to Khartoum] looking for safety and looking for education. But the government was not allowing me as I am one of the Darfurian people who was having a problem and war was going on. I see also people who have been attacked before, because they talk about life here and they talk about the reality and they just sent it out. And that’s why I am afraid I do lose myself because I want to just stay safe, I don’t need any trouble. But no one. This is all I have. I may not know what will happen to me. And that’s why I want to hide my face. Not to show to the world because, maybe somewhere else people may see my face and they may recognize me. “This guy was talking to the media and he has full information about this country”. And sometimes even our organisation itself is mafia, you know, the organisation UNHCR, they have some people dealing with them. I don’t trust these people of the organisation. […] Seeing is believing because the one who does not see, he cannot believe. But seeing is believing. I saw with my own eyes and I heard a lot of stories. My dream was to become - first I was thinking, when I get to a European country or any safe place where any kind of person is allowed who wants a future for himself, I first determined to become a motivational speaker. And that was my dream. But when I entered this country, the dream just died. And the dream, I just remind my dream, because we’re not working for it. If you want to be someone, you have to just work and you have to focus on. But no way for us to go to school, no way for us to go to college. Even to get some information. I was interested about having a good person who can always give me some inspiration and a motivational speaker because that has made my strength. I was trying to become my motivationer, but I don’t know. Actually, it is not too late, but the condition that we are in is not telling you that maybe one day you will become one. You come as a ref- like, as, I mean, migrator and you’re not allowed. Everything must be under their control. And that’s what they do. But we thank God that we believe that one day he will take us out of this country.
01.10.2021-10.01.2022


raids of Gargaresh
It was 2021, October, when we were living at Gargaresh. That’s the place being attacked by Libyan official government at midnight, in the morning, 5 am, when everyone was sleeping. They came to attack us. From there they took us to Qhuadschiar which is a detention centre. It was around 5000 people. We spent just only one week because the place was very tiny they forced all the people to live together like that.....continue

- Iskander
And we broke [the prison] and ran immediately to UNHCR. At the time there was a militia man behind us who was shooting with the gun, I think, like six of us were dying in that center. From there, we arrived at UNHCR........

- Iskander
....We were expecting to get quick help because everyone, everyone was very tough on us. I mean, when I was getting in front of UNHCR, I was very happy, expecting to get out of Libya. But that never happened. I spent three months and ten days, nothing happened.
- Iskander






